Civil Engineering Room

Site Planning and building form are very important from the point of view of seismic performance of the structure. Also it is very important to have proper compatibility of elements resisting seismic forces. Site planning and selection of building forms is the first step in designing of any structure and the decisions taken are very crucial for the behavior of those structures during any earthquake. Based on examples taken from various past earthquakes and theories, this project gives guidelines for site planning, selection of building form and formulation of architectural design concepts for earthquake resistant structures in the earthquake prone zones.Download Complete project with report and presentation.

Over the last few decades CONSTRUCTION of retaining walls in urban areas has grown significantly, as a result of territorial and economical development of the cities. In most cases, retaining walls are deep structures with the existence of groundwater level because urban areas are often at a few meters above sea level. Furthermore, CONSTRUCTION of retaining walls in cities, introduce special problems as a result of being directly in touch with urban elements and citizens. In situ pile retaining walls are very popular due to their availability and practicability.

There are different types of pile walls contiguous (intermittent) bored pile CONSTRUCTION, (spacing between the piles is greater that the diameter of piles) In these conditions, for deep borings and with the existence of groundwater level, diaphragm walls and secant pile walls are the only feasible retaining walls in urban areas. Secant pile walls are usually used in hard ground, where it is not possible to install diaphragm walls, and in rocks, and it is technically possible to install secant pile walls in a extensive range of grounds. Secant bored pile walls are formed by keeping spacing of piles less than diameter.It is a watertight wall and may be more economical compared to diaphragm wall in small to medium scale excavations due to cost of site operations and bentonite plant.

Road Transport is vital to India's economy. It enables the country's transportation sector contribute 4.7 percent of India’s gross domestic product, in comparison to railways that contributed 1 percent, in 2009-2010, despite railways handling of passenger and pure cargo. Road transport has gained in importance over the years despite significant barriers and inefficiencies in inter-state freight and passenger movement compared to railways and air. The government of India considers road network as critical to the country's development, social integration and security needs of the country. India's road network carries over 65 percent of its freight and about 85 percent of passenger traffic. Indian road network is administered by various government authorities, given India's federal form of government. National highways connect capitals, important places, ports and places of strategic importance of various states. Though national highways account for only 2% of the total road length, they carry nearly 1/3 of the total traffic. Flexible pavement is composed of a bituminous material surface course and underlying base and sub base courses. The bituminous material is more often asphalt whose viscous nature allows significant plastic deformation. Most asphalt surfaces are built on a gravel base, although some 'full depth' asphalt surfaces are built directly on the sub grade. Depending on the temperature at which it is applied, asphalt is categorized as hot mix asphalt (HMA), warm mix asphalt, or cold mix asphalt. Flexible Pavement is so named as the pavement surface reflects the total deflection of all subsequent layers due to the traffic load acting upon it. The flexible pavement design is based on the load distributing characteristics of a layered system.

In the recent past several devastating earthquakes around the world have demonstrated the lacunae in proper detailing of building structures and eventually the poorly detailed structures have become the victim of distresses of different kinds. During the post-disaster mitigation stage, a survey is required to investigate the conditions of the distressed building. Because of the vast variety of the building structures, the development of a general rule for retrofitting measure is rather difficult and to a large extent each structure must be approached as a strengthening problem on its own merits. It is necessary to take a decision whether to demolish a distressed structure or to restore the same for effective load carrying system. Many a times, the level of distress is such that with minimum restoration measure the building structure can be brought back to its normalcy and in such situation, restoration or retrofitting is preferred.

Quality is depending on planning, architectural dimensioning, structural design CONSTRUCTION, material, etc. In different situation meaning of quality is different.A quality of product value is maximum or minimum which depends on user’s need. There is a so many meaning of quality at CONSTRUCTION site which include CONSTRUCTION material,technology used for CONSTRUCTION,Versatility of building and so many others.These project includes some of the scenario of buildings and discovered various ways to maintain quality and best practice to monitor quality throught a life of CONSTRUCTION.

Major advances in both design and new material assisted roman architecture. Design was enhanced architectural developments in the construction of arches and roof domes. Arches improved the efficiency and capability of bridges and aqueducts (fewer supports columns were needed to support the structure), while domed roofs not only permitted the building of larger open areas undercover, but also lent the exterior an impressive.In this project multistoried construction, we have adopted limit state method of analysis and design the structure. The design is in confirmation with IS456-2000.the analysis of one frame is worked out manually and simultaneously it has been checked using STAAD PRO. Therefore an attempt has been made to present the multistoried building for residential purpose.

Storage reservoirs and overhead tank are used to store water, liquid petroleum, petroleum products and similar liquids. The force analysis of the reservoirs or tanks is about the same irrespective of the chemical nature of the product. All tanks are designed as crack free structures to eliminate any leakage. This project gives in brief, the theory behind the design of liquid retaining structure (Elevated circular water tank with domed roof and conical base) using working stress method. Elements are design in limit state method.

Post-tensioned slabs are a preferred method for industrial, commercial and residential floor slab construction. The increasingly extensive use of this method is due to its advantages and its nature of easy application to a wide variety of structure geometry and design solutions. The use of post-tensioned floor slabs and reinforced concrete core walls has become increasingly popular in high-rise construction. Economics of the post-tensioning slab system are discussed including relative material contents, speed of construction, and factors affecting the cost of post-tensioning. Finally, a discussion on the flexibility of post-tensioned building structures in terms of future uses, new floor penetrations and demolition is presented.